Part of history…
The top social layer was the nobility (nemed), which included kings (ríg), princes (flatha), lords (tiarnaí), and chieftains (toísigh). See also Gaelic nobility of Ireland for their surviving modern descendants.
Below that were the professionals (dóernemed), which included skilled poets (fili), judges (brithem), craftsmen, physicians, and so on. Masters in a particular profession were known as ollam (modern spelling: ollamh). The various professions—including law, poetry, medicine, history and genealogy—were associated with particular hereditary families. Although most had only one profession, some had more than one. Before the Christianization of Ireland, this group also included the druí (or ‘druids’) and fáithe (or ‘vates’). The druí could have the role of priest, judge, scholar, poet, physician, and religious teacher,while the fáithe acted as soothsayers and clairvoyants.
Below that were those who owned land and cattle (bóaire). Below that were serfs (bothach) and slaves (mug). Slaves were typically criminals or prisoners of war. The warrior bands (fianna) generally lived apart from society. A fian was typically composed of young men who had not yet come into their inheritance of land. A member of a fian was called a fénnid and the leader of a fian was a rígfénnid. Geoffrey Keating, in his 17th century History of Ireland, says that during the winter the fianna were quartered and fed by the nobility, during which time they would keep order on their behalf. But during the summer, from Bealtaine to Samhain, they were beholden to live by hunting for food and for hides to sell.
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The top social layer was the nobility (nemed), which included kings (ríg), princes (flatha), lords (tiarnaí), and chieftains (toísigh). See also Gaelic nobility of Ireland for their surviving modern descendants.Below that were the professionals (dóernemed), which included skilled poets (fili), judges (brithem), craftsmen, physicians, and so on. Masters in a particular profession were known as ollam (modern spelling: ollamh). The various professions—including law, poetry, medicine, history and genealogy—were associated with particular hereditary families. Although most had only one profession, some had more than one. Before the Christianization of Ireland, this group also included the druí (or ‘druids’) and fáithe (or ‘vates’). The druí could have the role of priest, judge, scholar, poet, physician, and religious teacher,while the fáithe acted as soothsayers and clairvoyants.
Celtic ornament vector free nemed
Below that were those who owned land and cattle (bóaire). Below that were serfs (bothach) and slaves (mug). Slaves were typically criminals or prisoners of war. The warrior bands (fianna) generally lived apart from society. A fian was typically composed of young men who had not yet come into their inheritance of land. A member of a fian was called a fénnid and the leader of a fian was a rígfénnid. Geoffrey Keating, in his 17th century History of Ireland, says that during the winter the fianna were quartered and fed by the nobility, during which time they would keep order on their behalf. But during the summer, from Bealtaine to Samhain, they were beholden to live by hunting for food and for hides to sell.
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